How To Provide First Aid to a Gunshot Victim: The 5 Steps
Learn the essential actions that can save a life in seconds after a shooting incident
A sudden shooting can happen anywhere, and every second counts when a victim is injured. Knowing the right steps to take can literally save a life, as shown by a surgeon’s quick action in Krakow. This guide gives you clear, actionable steps to follow when you encounter a gunshot victim.
Step 1: Assess the Scene and Call Emergency Services
First, evaluate the safety of the area—ensure no more threats remain. Use your phone to dial the local emergency number (112 in Poland, 911 in the U.S.) and give a concise description of the incident. Open the "First Aid by the American Red Cross" app for a quick checklist of what to report to dispatch.
Step 2: Stop the Bleeding with Direct Pressure
Apply firm, direct pressure on the wound using a sterile gauze or a clean cloth. Hold for at least 10 minutes and don’t remove the material to check if bleeding stops. If bleeding is severe and not controlled, consider a tourniquet as the next step.
Step 3: Maintain Airway and Breathing
Check for breathing and a pulse; if the victim is unconscious, position them on their side and perform rescue breathing. Use the CPR app on your phone for real-time guidance on chest compressions if needed. Keep the airway open by gently tilting the head back and lifting the chin.
Step 4: Monitor Vital Signs and Keep the Victim Calm
Use a portable pulse oximeter like the "iHealth Pulse" to track pulse and oxygen saturation. Keep the victim lying flat, with their head slightly elevated, and reassure them to reduce anxiety. A calm environment helps stabilize blood pressure and slows heart rate.
Step 5: Prepare for Transport and Keep the Victim Warm
Wrap the victim in blankets to maintain body temperature and prevent shock. Have any identifying information ready for emergency responders. Stay with the victim until professional help arrives and keep them still to avoid further injury.
Most responders overlook the importance of keeping the victim’s **head elevated**—it reduces blood flow to the brain and can prevent a secondary brain injury.
You now know the five crucial steps to take when a gunshot victim needs help. By acting quickly and calmly, you can dramatically improve their chances of survival. Practice these steps today so you’re ready when the next emergency arises.
